Vol. 5 No. 1 (2020): Turkish Journal of Marketing
Articles

ANALYZING GREEN PURCHASING BEHAVIOR OF TURKISH AND PERSIAN CONSUMERS

PDF
  • Sara MOSAVICHECHAKLOU,
  • Zehra BOZBAY
Sara MOSAVICHECHAKLOU
İstanbul University
Zehra BOZBAY
Istanbul University
Bio

Published 04/25/2020

Keywords

  • Keywords: Green Purchasing Behavior, Antecedents of Green Purchasing Behavior, Turkish Consumers, Persian Consumers.
Copyright Notice

How to Cite

ANALYZING GREEN PURCHASING BEHAVIOR OF TURKISH AND PERSIAN CONSUMERS. (2020). Turkish Journal of Marketing, 5(1), 37-58. https://doi.org/10.30685/tujom.v5i1.76

Abstract

Consumers being conscious about environmental issues tend to have favorable attitude to green purchasing. Offering eco-friendly products and services should be a good strategy for all companies wishing to provide competitive advantage in the marketplace. In the literature, a number of factors accepted as the antecedents of green purchasing behavior and this study examined eight factors of them. It is predicted that the factors which have an effect on the green purchasing behavior are different between the consumers having different nationality due to cultural differences. The purpose of this study is to determine the differences between both the antecedents of green purchasing behavior and green purchasing behavior of Turkish and Persian consumers. According to the results, differences are found between some antecedents of green purchasing behavior as environmental knowledge, social influence, environmental concern, perceived seriousness of environmental problems, concern for self-image, and green purchasing behavior of Turkish and Persian consumers.

PDF

References

  1. Afsordegan, F., Hamdi, K., & Ghaffari, F. (2011). Study on the effective factors on young consumer?s green willingness: Tehran case study. Journal of Marketing Management. V(6).
  2. Akehurst, G., Afonso, C., & Gonçalves, H.M. (2012). Re-examining green purchase behavior and the green consumer profile: new evidence, Management Decision. 50(5), 972?988.
  3. Bagheri, S. J. (2014). Green marketing and its impacts on consumer behavior in sports shops. Annals of Applied Sport Science, 2(2), 75?82. Retrieved from:http://aassjournal.com/article-1-189-en.pdf
  4. Baker, J. P., & Ozaki, R. (2008). Pro-environmental products: Marketing influence on consumer purchase decision. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 25(5), 281?293.
  5. Çetinkaya, C., & Özceylan E., (2017). A survey on university students? attitudes on green products: A case study in Gaziantep University. Gaziantep University Journal of Social Sciences, 16(1), 289-302.
  6. Chan, R.Y.K., & Lau, L. B.Y. (2002). Explaining green purchasing behavior: a cross-cultural study on American and Chinese consumers. Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 14, 9-40. https://doi.org/10.1300/J046v14n02_02
  7. Chan, R.Y.K., & Lau, L. B.Y. (2000). Antecedents of green purchases: a survey in China. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 17(4), 338?357.
  8. Chan, R.Y.K., & Yam, E. (1995). Green movement in a newly industrializing area: a survey on the attitudes and behavior of the Hong Kong citizens. Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology, 5(2), 73?84.
  9. Cheah, C.M., 2009. A study on consumers green purchasing intention. Master?s Thesis of Business, University Utara Malaysia, Malaysia.
  10. D?Souza C., Taghian M., & Lamb P. (2006). An empirical study on the influence of environmental labels on consumers. Corporate Communication: An International Journal, 11(2), 162?173.
  11. Erten, S. (2004). Çevre eğitimi ve çevre bilinci nedir, çevre eğitimi nasıl olmalıdır? Çevre ve İnsan Dergisi, Çevre ve Orman Bakanlığı Yayın Organı, 65/66, 1?13. from:http://yunus.hacettepe.edu.tr/~serten/makaleler/cevre.pdf
  12. Follows, S. B., & Jobber, D. (2000). Environmentally responsible purchase behavior: a test of a consumer model. European Journal of Marketing, 34(5/6), 723?746.
  13. Fraj, E., & Martinez, E. (2006). Environmental values and lifestyles as determining factors of ecological consumer behavior: an empirical analysis. The Journal of Consumer Marketing, 23(3), 133?144.
  14. Garcia-Mira, R., Real, J.E., & Jose, R. (2005). Temporal and spatial dimensions in the perception of environmental problems: an investigation of the concept of environmental hyperopia. International Journal of Psychology, 40(1), 5?10.
  15. Geller, E.S. (1981). Evaluating energy conservation programs: is verbal report enough? Journal of Consumer Research, 8(3), 331?335.
  16. Gezer, K., Çokadar, H., Köse, S., & Bilen, K. (2006). Lise öğrencilerinin çevreye yönelik tutumlarının karşılaştırılması. Buldan Sempozyumu, 23?24 Kasım: 71?78, Pamukkale Üniversitesi, Denizli. from:http://buldansempozyumu.pau.edu.tr/kitap/2.oturum/3.pdf
  17. Ghimire, D.J., & Mohai, P. (2005). Environmentalism and contraceptive use: how people in less developed settings approach environmental issues. Population and Environment, 27(1), 29?61.
  18. Gilg, A., Barr, S., & Ford, N. (2005). Green consumption or sustainable lifestyles? İdentifying the sustainable consumer. Futures, 37: 481?504.
  19. Gurcemal, D. (2016) Uluslararası ekonomik politiği açısından Türkiye-İran İlişkileri Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Yeniyüzyıl Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İstanbul, PP(17).
  20. Hartmann, P., & Apaolaza-Ibanez, V. (2012). Consumer attitude and purchase intention toward green energy brands: the roles of psychological benefits and environmental concern. Journal of Business Research, 65, 1254?1263.
  21. Hazır, A. (2015). Comparing Turkey and Iran in political science and historical sociology: A critical review. Turkish Journal of Middle Eastern Studies, 2(1), 1-30.
  22. Hofstede Center (2017). Scores for individualism for Turkey and Iran. Retrieved from http://geert-hofstede.com/turkey/iran.html
  23. Hoyer, W. D. & Mac Innis, D. (2004). Consumer behavior, Houghton Miffin, Boston: MA.F.
  24. Hüseyin, A. T., & Cankül, D. (2010). A research aiming to assign behaviors of university students: ?green marketing activities?. Ticaret ve Turizm Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 1, 51?67. from:http://www.acarindex.com/dosyalar/makale/acarindex-1423913670.pdf
  25. Kaiser, F.G., Wölfing, S., & Fuhrer, U. (1999). Environmental attitude and ecological behavior. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 19, 1?19. from:https://home.zhaw.ch/cahu/dateien/Kaiser-Woelfing-Fuhrer99.pdf
  26. Kalaycı, Ş. (2008). SPSS uygulamalı çok değişkenli istatistik teknikleri. 3. Baskı. Asil Yayın Dağıtım A.Ş. Ankara.
  27. Kement, U. (2018). Çevresel kaygı ve algılanan ahlaki yükümlülüğün yeşil otelleri ziyaret etme niyetine etkisinin incelenmesi, Turizm Akademik Dergisi, 5 (2), 203-214.
  28. Khare, V., Garg, S., Shukla, S., & Sharma, P. (2013). Comparative study of 1G, 2G, 3G and 4G. Journal of Engineering Computers and Applied Sciences, 2(4), 55?63.
  29. Kim, H. S., & Drolet, A. (2003). Choice and self-expression: a cultural analysis of variety-seeking. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(2), 373?382. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.85.2.373
  30. Kim, C., & Fortner, R.W. (2006). Issue-specific barriers to addressing environmental issues in the classroom: an explanatory study. The Journal of Environmental Education, 37(3), 15?22.
  31. Kim, Y. (2011). Understanding green purchase: the influence of collectivism, personal values and environmental attitudes, and the moderating effect of perceived consumer effectiveness. Seoul Journal of Business, 17(1), 65?92.
  32. Kim, Y., & Choi, S.M. (2005). Antecedents of green purchase behavior: an examination of collectivism, environmental concern, and PCE. Advances in Consumer Research, 32, 592?599.
  33. Kinnear, T., Taylor, J., & Ahmed, S. (1974). Ecologically concerned consumers: who are they. Journal of Marketing, 38 (April). 20-24.
  34. Kotchen, J. M., & Reiling, S. D. (2000) Environmental attitudes, motivations, and contingent valuation of nonuse values: a case study involving endangered species. Ecological Economics, 32(1), 93-107. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8009(99)00069-5
  35. Lai, O. K. (2000). Greening of Hong Kong? forms of manifestation of environmental movements. In S. W. K.
  36. Chiu & T. L. Lui (Eds.), The dynamics of social movements in Hong Kong, 259?296. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press.
  37. Lascu, D.N., & Zinkhan, G. (1999). Consumer conformity: review and applications for marketing theory and practice. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 8, 1?12.
  38. Lee, K. (2008). Opportunities for green marketing: young consumers. Marketing Intelligence and Planning, 26(6), 573?586.
  39. Lee, K. (2009). Gender differences in Hong Kong adolescent consumers? green purchasing behavior. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 26(2) 87?96.
  40. Lee, K. (2011). The green purchase behavior of Hong Kong young consumers: the role of peer influence, local environmental involvement, and concrete environmental knowledge. Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 23, 21?44.
  41. Lee, Y. L., Haley, E., & Yang, K. (2017). The role of organizational perception, perceived consumer effectiveness and self-efficacy in recycling advocacy advertising effectiveness, Environmental Communication, 1?16.
  42. Leonidou, L.C., Katsikeas, C.S., & Coudounaris, D. (2010). Five decades of business research into exporting a bibliography analysis, Journal of International Management, 16(1), 78?91.
  43. Majlath, M. (2010). Can individuals do anything for the environment? the role of perceived consumer effectiveness. FIKUSZ ?10 Symposium for Young Researchers, 157?166, Budapest, Hungary.
  44. Maloney, M. P., & Ward, M. P. (1973). Ecology: let's hear from the people: an objective scale for the measurement of ecological attitudes and knowledge. American Psychologist, 28(7), 583?586. from:http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0034936
  45. Manzo, L.C., & Weinstein, M.D. (1987). Behavioral commitment to environmental protection: A study of active and nonactive members of the Sierra Club. Environment and Behavior, 19, 673?694.
  46. Mei, O. J., Ling, K. C., & Piew, T, H. (2012). The antecedents of green purchase intention among Malaysian consumers. Asian Social Science, 8(13), 248?263. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.920.3195&rep=rep1&type=pdf
  47. Mohd Suki, N. (2013). Young consumer ecological behavior: the effects of environmental knowledge, healthy food, and healthy way of life with the moderation of gender and age. Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, 24(6), 726?737.
  48. Moser, G., & Uzzell, D. (2003). Environmental psychology. In Weiner, I., Millon, T. & Lerner, M. (Eds.), Handbook of Psychology, Personality and Social Psychology, 419?446.
  49. Mostafa, M.M. (2006). Antecedents of Egyptian consumers? green purchase intentions: a hierarchical multivariate regression mode. Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 19(2), 97?124.
  50. Mostafa, M.M. (2007). A hierarchical analysis of the green consciousness of the Egyptian consumer. Psychology and Marketing, 24(5), 445?473.
  51. Mostafa, M.M. (2009). Shades of green: A psychographic segmentation of the green consumer in Kuwait using self-organizing maps. Expert Systems with Applications, 36(8), 11030?11038.
  52. Muller, T.E., & Taylor, D.W. (1991). Eco-literacy among consumers-how much do they know about saving their planet? In: H. Burkhardt and W. E. Vandenburg (Eds.), Preparing for Sustainable Society, 413?420. Ryerson Polytechnical Institue, Toronto.
  53. Oliver, H., Volschenk, J., & Smit, E. (2011). Residential consumers in the Cape Peninsula?s willingness to pay for premium priced green electricity. Energy Policy, 39: 544?550.
  54. Onurlubaş, E. (2019). The effects of social impact, environmental awareness and environmental consciousness on green product purchasing behaviour. Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology, 7(3): 447-457, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v7i3.447-457.2403
  55. Özbay, Ş. (2010). Fen ve teknoloji programı içinde kompost hakkında verilen etkinliklerin öğrencilerin akademik başarılarına ve çevre tutumlarına etkisi?, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Çanakkale.
  56. Özdamar, K. (1997), Paket Programlar ile İstatistiksel Veri Analizi, T.C. Anadolu Üniversitesi Yayınları, Eskişehir.
  57. Özdemir, A. (2003). İlköğretim sekizinci sınıf öğrencilerinin çevre bilgi ve bilinçlerinin araştırılması. Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İzmir.
  58. Panni, M.F.A.K. (2006). The effect of consumerism towards customer attitudinal behavior in food industry in Malaysia. M.Phil. Multimedia University.
  59. Prakash, A. (2002). Green marketing, public policy and managerial strategies. Business Strategy and the Environment, 11: 19-25.
  60. Renner, M. (2002). The power of green consumers: Review of Vital Signs.
  61. Roberts, J.A. (1996). Green consumers in the 1990s: profile and implications for advertising. Journal of Business Research, 36(3), 217?231.
  62. Samdahl, D.M., & Robertson, R. (1989). Social determinants of environmental concern: specification and test of the model. Environment and Behavior, 21(1), 57?81.
  63. Saritas, A. (2018). The role of interest in environmental effects of consumer activities determined by green purchasing behavior. Journal of Social Research and Behavioral Sciences, 4(5), 47?71.
  64. Schultz, P. W., & Zelezny, L. (1999). Values as predictors of environmental attitudes: evidence for consistency across 14 countries. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 19, 255?265.
  65. Sharma, B. (2014). Consumers? attitudes, green practices, demographic and social influences, and government policies: an empirical investigation of their relationships. Journal of New Business Ideas & Trends, 12(2), 22?36.
  66. Silver, C. (2019). IMF's world economic outlook database. https://www.investopedia.com/insights/worlds-top-economies/
  67. Sinnappan, P., & Rahman, A.A. (2011). Antecedents of green purchasing behavior among Malaysian consumers. International Business Management, 5(3), 129?139.
  68. Soonthonsmai, V. (2007). Environmental or green marketing as global competitive edge; concept, synthesis, and implication, EABR (Business) and ETLC (Teaching), Conference Proceeding, Venice, Italy.
  69. Straughan, R. D., & Roberts, J. A. (1999). Environmental segmentation alternatives: a look at green consumer behavior in the new millennium. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 16 (6), 558-575.
  70. Tanrıkulu, C. (2015). An examination of the role of environmental concern, perceived consumer effectiveness, and collectivism in green purchase behavior of consumers. Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 29(1), 121?136. from:http://dergipark.gov.tr/download/article-file/30594
  71. Tilikidou, I. (2007). The effects of knowledge and attitudes upon Greeks' pro-environmental purchasing behavior. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 14(3), 121-134.
  72. Uddin, S.F., & Khan, M.N. (2016). Exploring green purchasing behavior of young urban consumers: Empirical evidences from India. South Asian Journal of Global Business Research, 5(1), 85-103.
  73. Ünlüönen, K. & Tayfun, A. (2003). A ampric research over the impacts of tourists on the consume habits of residents. Muğla Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 10(2), 133-150.
  74. Xu, A. J., Loi, R., & Ngo, H. Y. (2014). Ethical leadership behavior and employee justice perceptions: the mediating role of trust in organization. Journal of Business Ethics, 493-504. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-014-2457-4.
  75. Yahya, W. K., Hashim, N. H, Mohamad, S. A., & Ramly, Z. (2013). The relationship between perceived consumer effectiveness, environmental concern and ecologically conscious consumer behavior. 3rd Annual International Conference on Business Strategy and Organizational Behaviour, 93-98.
  76. Yılmaz, V., & Arslan, T. (2011). Examining the university students? environmental protection commitments and environment-friendly consumption behaviors. Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 11(3), 1?10. from:http://sbd.dergi.anadolu.edu.tr/makale_goster.php?id=1010
  77. Zainudin, A., Saripah, A.L., Mohd Shukri, O., & Yeop Hussin, B. (2013). From research to practice: role of environmental knowledge in creating pro-environmental residents. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences 105, 866?874. from:https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/82277087.pdf
  78. Zinkhan, G.M., & Les C. (1995). Green advertising and the reluctant consumer. Journal of Advertising, 24(2), 1-6.
  79. Wikipedia: The free encyclopedia. Inc. Retrieved 15 February 2020. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Turkey_relations

Similar Articles

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.